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Jaw Fracture

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What is Jaw Fracture?

A jaw fracture, or mandibular fracture, is a break in the lower jawbone caused by trauma. As the second most common facial fracture, it can lead to significant discomfort and complications if not treated properly. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial for a successful recovery.

Causes of Jaw Fracture

  • Jaw fractures can occur due to a variety of reasons, including:
  • Trauma or injury: Car accidents, sports injuries, or falls are common causes.
  • Assault: Physical altercations can lead to direct blows to the face.
  • Accidental impacts: Slipping or sudden blows from objects.
  • Medical conditions: Bone diseases like osteoporosis or tumours can weaken the jawbone, making it more susceptible to fractures.

Symptoms

A fractured jaw can present the following symptoms:

  • Pain and tenderness in the jaw, especially when moving the mouth.
  • Swelling and bruising around the jaw or under the ear.
  • Difficulty chewing or speaking due to misalignment or stiffness.
  • Numbness or tingling in the lower lip or chin area.
  • Bleeding in the mouth or cuts inside the oral cavity.
  • Misaligned teeth or inability to close the mouth properly.
  • Loose or damaged teeth as a result of the fracture.

Treatment of Jaw Fracture

Treatment depends on the severity of the fracture:

  • Immobilisation: Minor fractures may require the use of bandages or splints to stabilise the jaw.
  • Surgery: Severe fractures often need surgical intervention, such as fixation with plates and screws.
  • Pain management: Medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs and painkillers help control pain.
  • Diet modification: A liquid or soft diet is recommended during recovery to avoid stress on the jaw.
  • Follow-up care: Regular check-ups and X-rays ensure proper healing.

Prompt and appropriate care is essential to avoid complications such as infection or misalignment.

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